![]() ![]() Schematic representation of the major subtypes of B-cell lymphoma murine models. Finally, we will examine how the tumors regulate their microenvironment in different tissues and how this knowledge could be translated into practical applications for tumor therapies. We will summarize the known categories of B-cell lymphoma mouse models and discuss their experimental and translational values. Here, we will review the spontaneous and induced B-cell lymphoma models that can occur in transgenic mice, or by various types of transfer of tumor cells into wild-type mice (Figure 1). They are also essential for preclinical studies and allow us to perform kinetic analyses together with detailed investigation of the tumors’ characteristics and microenvironments. Animal models are very useful, because they let us work on very homogeneous materials. Studying these tumors is thus quite challenging. In addition, some tumors, such as primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas, are located deep within delicate tissues, which complicates the collection of biopsy samples and complete tumor analysis. Moreover, these samples are not easy to classify in the absence of clear discriminative parameters. This heterogeneity makes it difficult to collect human samples in sufficient quantities for statistical analyses. Of the NHL, half are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas, followed in prevalence by follicular lymphomas, marginal zone lymphomas, Burkitt’s lymphomas, and mediastinal lymphomas. They most frequently originate from B cells, and the two main groups of B-cell lymphomas, B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL) and Hodgkin lymphomas, account, respectively, for about 80% and 15% of all lymphomas. Lymphomas are highly heterogeneous diseases, varying by both the type of malignant cell and the tumor location. We posit that these basic preclinical investigations will open up new and promising approaches to designing better therapies. Exploring the advantages and limitations of immunocompetent versus immunodeficient models improves our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of tumor genesis and development as well as the fundamental processes governing the interaction of tumors and their host tissues. These data allow us to understand the role of the immune system in the fight against tumors. Here, we summarize the cell lines and murine models used to study lymphomagenesis, the lymphoma microenvironment, and the efficacy of new therapies. The limited accessibility of biopsies, the heterogeneity among patients, and the subtypes of lymphomas have necessitated the development of animal models to decipher immune escape mechanisms and design new therapies. Human B-cell lymphomas, the fourth most common hematologic malignancy, are currently the subject of extensive research. ![]()
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